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Macro163 CD163 is a membrane protein and member of the group B Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-rich super family specifically expressed on peripheral blood monocytes and macrophages. A particularly high expression is seen in macrophages of the 'alternative activation' phenotype playing a major role in dampening the inflammatory response and in scavenging components of damaged cells. CD163 functions as the receptor for haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes, and furthermore CD163 is involved in the regulation of inflammation. Macrophages play a central role in the host response to infection and tissue damage, and are furthermore important in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and cancer. Historically, the presence of CD163 (by Immunohistochemistry) has been associated with a post-infectious recovery phase and declining inflammation. CD163 positive macrophages constitute a major cell subpopulation in human term placenta suggesting a role for the placenta functioning as an active immunosuppressive biological barrier between mother and fetus. Importantly, the extracellular part of CD163 is cleaved from the cell-membrane by proteolytic activity upon toll-like receptor activation. This shed CD163 molecule (soluble CD163, sCD163) is detectable in body fluid compartments and is regarded to reflect activation and proliferation of macrophages in inflammatory conditions. Measurement of sCD163 may be a valuable marker in diseases with macrophage and/or monocyte involvement, such as macrophage activation syndromes (e.g. hemophagocytic syndrome), infections, liver disease, auto-immune disease, atherosclerosis and cancer. The assay is based on the principle of the sandwich ELISA. One antibody recognizing CD163 is immobilized on the surface of a precoated microtiter plate. After incubation with the standard or a sample, a second antibody recognizing CD163 is added. This second antibody is labeled with biotin, which makes detection possible with streptavidin-HRP. Using the color reaction from the 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate, the amount of enzyme and subsequently secondary antibody and protein, can be quantified. This Macro163 kit is intended for the quantification of soluble CD163 in serum samples and for research purposes only. The assay has been validated for serum measurements, however the assay can be applied to other biological fluids (synovial fluid, ascites fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, cell-supernatants etc, with adjustments in sample dilutions). The assay can be completed within 3 hours. The Macro163 Assay kit is intended for Research Use Only. The Macro163 Assay kit is available as a 96-test kit. Key Benefits
This product is currently available worldwide through IQ
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